Some highly publicized politico-financial cases have increased the feeling, for some, that business law is being criminalized and, for others, that markets have lost their ethical bearings. Yet, two trends that are more complementary than contradictory may be observed in the recent evolution of French law. On the one hand, there is a more determined struggle against organized crime and hope for a better regulation of markets; on the other hand, we are witnessing a rational decriminalization of obsolete provisions of the trade, monetary and financial codes, of which the recent Coulon report about the decriminalization of business law is the latest example.