Aware of the fact that institutions are a democratic imperative that aims to create a strong and trusting relationship between the people and its leaders, from the very beginning of his term Nicolas Sarkozy has wanted to launch an important reform of our institutional system. The Constitutional law passed on 23 July 2008 has strengthened the role of Parliament in particular with regard to its control functions. Until then, control had focused on the activity of the government as such, but it has now been broadened to the evaluation of the efficiency of public policies. To the ‘classic’ control has been added a new mission of evaluation that could be called an ‘extraordinary control’.