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    <title>Les violences obstétricales et la médicalisation du corps féminin | Cairn.info</title>
    <icon>https://shs.cairn.info/build/assets/cairn-B7RWiji2.png</icon>
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    <rights>Cairn.info 2026</rights>

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                            <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:PERNA_124_0183</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Violence obstétricale |
        Violences obstétricales
                    | Périnatalité
            (2020/4 Vol. 12)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://stm.cairn.info/revue-perinatalite-2020-4-page-183?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2020-10-19T00:00:00+02:00</published>
    <updated>2022-02-24T17:07:44+01:00</updated>
            <summary type="html"><![CDATA[The debate on obstetrical violence has emerged in the public space
and has aroused hostility towards the medical profession. However,
a number of them in the medical field have taken upon themselves to
listen to women’s demands in light of several works and studies in
the area known as “obstetrical trauma”. Education and the
workmindset in perinatal care must improve among the medical
profession. Important key information must be made systematically
on all levels to anticipate the needs of the women and their
family. Follow-up obstetrical consultations must be a therapeutic
alliance in which the care is received as rational and makes sense
to the women. This is a prerequisite in order for the parents and
the professionals to feel a gaining sense of security. This sense
of security and trust must be met at the time of conception to
allow a period of adaptation for all and everyone which is vital to
the creation of the attachment process of the “little Man”.]]></summary>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:CPSY2_069_0087</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Cherchez la femme&#160;! |
        Enjeux du féminin et médecine contemporaine
                    | Corps &amp; Psychisme
            (2016/1 N° 69)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-corps-et-psychisme-2016-1-page-87?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2016-08-08T00:00:00+02:00</published>
    <updated>2022-02-24T17:06:59+01:00</updated>
            <summary type="html"><![CDATA[This article is rooted in the author’s participation in a working
group involved in clinical practice with girls suffering from
agenesis of the uterus and vagina and presents an analysis of the
trauma to which these young patients bear witness. The author
explores the ways in which a medically repaired or fully recreated
organ may be subjectively appropriated as part of the patients’
invention of what it is to be a woman. This also sheds light on the
ways in which contemporary medicine may play a role in the
psychical construction of the female body, and this in spite of the
women concerned and from the sole vantage point of a
technico-scientific vision which infiltrates the female subject.]]></summary>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:CPSY_064_0053</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Histoires de ventres&#160;: une politique du corps des
femmes&#160;? |
        Corps contemporain, corps politique
                    | Champ psy
            (2013/2 n° 64)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-champ-psy-2013-2-page-53?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2013-12-11T00:00:00+01:00</published>
    <updated>2022-02-24T17:06:16+01:00</updated>
            <summary type="html"><![CDATA[A Tale of Bellies&#160;: Policies Concerning the Female Body.
Psychoanalytical clinical experience as a private practitioner and
in hospitals has led the author of this article to posit a
connection between acts of sexual violence carried out as part of
ethnic cleansing and contemporary medical practices relating to the
female reproductive organs, thus shedding light on the unconscious
fantasies underlying the former. The author analyses the discourse
of her patients during transference illustrating how the ‘drive for
knowledge’ combines with the market economy and the globalised
bio-political logic of population control to produce an
objectification of women’s bodies, as if seeking to resolve the
enigma and the lack embodies in the female form.]]></summary>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:SPI_054_0039</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Une migration décisive |
        Lieux de naissance
                    | Spirale - La grande aventure de bébé
            (2010/2 n° 54)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-spirale-2010-2-page-39?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2010-06-28T00:00:00+02:00</published>
    <updated>2022-02-24T17:05:22+01:00</updated>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:CLIO1_037_0143</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Comment écrire l'histoire des relations corps, genre, médecine au
xxe siècle&#160;? |
        La médecine fait le genre
                    | Clio. Femmes, Genre, Histoire
            (2013/1 n° 37)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-clio-femmes-genre-histoire-2013-1-page-143?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2013-09-30T00:00:00+02:00</published>
    <updated>2021-10-06T09:58:14+02:00</updated>
            <summary type="html"><![CDATA[This article reviews recent work in the social study of science
(aka Social Studies of Knowledge or SSK), as well as in cultural
studies and feminist criticism of the physical sciences, in order
to demonstrate the contribution made by these fields of study, and
their reading of the history of very recent bio-medical
innovations, in the spheres of human reproduction and sexuality. In
particular, publications in SSK have suggested a dense and complex
reading of human-technological relations, and of the ways in which
social and gender relations are implicated in them. Considering the
parallel between some of these approaches (themselves part of the 
<!--   -->“descriptive turn” in the social sciences) and broader
economic and social change (the reconfiguration of the self through
biotechnologies as an individual promise in a neo-liberal context)
the article seeks to envisage how a revitalized historical approach
might contribute to these subjects. It might, for example, make
more explicit the density of the social and scientific context
within which certain technological change occurs; demonstrate the
historicity of what is at stake for gender and social relations,
and propose a new set of narratives which would recognize the
normative political and economic dimensions of technological
change.]]></summary>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:CHIME_069_0135</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Genre et médecine |
        Désir Hocquenghem
                    | Chimères
            (2009/1 n° 69)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-chimeres-2009-1-page-135?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2009-02-01T00:00:00+01:00</published>
    <updated>2021-10-06T09:56:57+02:00</updated>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:EHESP_KNIBI_2016_01_0035</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Chapitre 2. L’accouchement&#160;: affaire publique, affaire de
médecins |
        Accoucher
                    (2016)
            ]]></title>
            <subtitle type="html">
            <![CDATA[]]>
        </subtitle>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/accoucher--9782810904488-page-35?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2016-08-01T00:00:00+02:00</published>
    <updated>2021-10-05T21:11:00+02:00</updated>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:ERES_ESCAB_2000_01_0011</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        L’obstétricien dans l’accompagnement de la grossesse et de
l’accouchement. Joie et souffrance partagées&#160;? |
        Signes de souffrances en périnatalité
                    (2000)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/signes-de-souffrances-en-perinatalite--9782865868346-page-11?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2000-09-01T00:00:00+02:00</published>
    <updated>2021-10-05T21:09:27+02:00</updated>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:SPUB_205_0497</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Dépasser la tension éthique de la césarienne sur demande maternelle |
        Varia
                    | Santé Publique
            (2020/5 Vol. 32)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://stm.cairn.info/revue-sante-publique-2020-5-page-497?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2021-03-02T00:00:00+01:00</published>
    <updated>2021-10-05T21:06:23+02:00</updated>
            <summary type="html"><![CDATA[Introduction: In a legal context focused on the right and autonomy
of the patient, some women wish to be able to choose their mode of
childbirth. As midwives are primary care-givers for pregnant women
with a physiological pregnancy, we wanted to find out whether it
was ethically acceptable for them to accompany a woman in her
decision to have a caesarean section.Purpose of research: This
survey is an ancillary study of the CESARIA research program
validated by the Comité de Protection des Personnes Sud
Méditerranée IV and declared to the CNIL. Thirty-seven
semi-directive interviews were conducted with midwives and
women.Results: The majority of women and midwives share a vision of
childbirth as “natural” and consider the request for caesarean
section as a pathology. When formulated, this request places
midwives in a situation of ethical tension. On the one hand,
midwives wish to refer women to vaginal birth as the norm, and this
choice embodies the ethical principles of beneficence and
non-maleficence. On the other hand, midwives express a desire to
respect patient choice and freedom, illustrating the ethical
principle of respect for autonomy.Conclusions: The ethical issue of
caesarean section on demand lies not so much in the decision to
accept or not to accept a caesarean section but rather in listening
to the request. Taking into consideration a medical indication more
broadly than the simple obstetrical indication makes it possible to
ethically support these requests while respecting the pregnant
woman’s autonomy.]]></summary>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:PERNA_131_0010</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Indicateurs d’hypermédicalisation de la prise en charge
obstétricale à partir de l’évolution des grossesses, des
accouchements et des naissances au Chili |
        Mars 2021
                    | Périnatalité
            (2021/1 Vol. 13)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://stm.cairn.info/revue-perinatalite-2021-1-page-10?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2021-01-09T00:00:00+01:00</published>
    <updated>2021-10-05T21:05:53+02:00</updated>
            <summary type="html"><![CDATA[Epidemiological study&#160;: The objective is to identify
indicators of the hyper medicalization of obstetric care from the
data available in the National Base of Live Births in Chile, period
1991–2017. Three results show obstetric hyper-medicalization
through a significant decrease in the population level&#160;: 1)
births assisted by the midwife&#160;; 2) the average duration of
pregnancies&#160;; 3) the average birth weight. The impact of
systematic obstetric medical interventions should be clarified.]]></summary>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:DELIB_013_0073</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Violences gynécologiques et obstrétricales&#160;:
une&#160;justice&#160;au&#160;forceps |
        Justes enfances
                    | Délibérée
            (2021/2 N° 13)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://droit.cairn.info/revue-deliberee-2021-2-page-73?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2021-06-10T00:00:00+02:00</published>
    <updated>2021-10-05T21:05:32+02:00</updated>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:RFP_831_0127</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Le fœtus, l’analyste et le regard échographique |
        Regard
                    | Revue française de psychanalyse
            (2019/1 Vol. 83)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-francaise-de-psychanalyse-2019-1-page-127?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2019-02-15T00:00:00+01:00</published>
    <updated>2021-10-05T21:05:02+02:00</updated>
            <summary type="html"><![CDATA[Before the first obstetric ultrasound (1958), the foetus could not
be seen by the human eye. Today it has become an overexposed
“patient” of medical imagery. The ultrasound device hesitates
between iatrogenic scientism and symboligenic mediation. In order
to elaborate further the violence of the “fundamental
misunderstanding” between ultrasound technicians practising
“screening for anomalies” and parents coming to “see their baby”,
an interdisciplinary institutional mobilisation is necessary, to
which the psychoanalyst has something to contribute.]]></summary>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:LAE_154_0006</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Gérer toujours plus la grossesse et l’accouchement&#160;? |
        Gérer toujours plus la grossesse et l’accouchement&#160;?
                    | Laennec
            (2015/4 Tome 63)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://stm.cairn.info/revue-laennec-2015-4-page-6?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2015-10-12T00:00:00+02:00</published>
    <updated>2021-10-05T21:01:55+02:00</updated>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:RHMC_641_0116</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        L’obstétrique sous influence&#160;: émergence de l’accouchement
sans douleur en France et en Suisse dans les années 1950 |
        Varia
                    | Revue d’histoire moderne &amp; contemporaine
            (2017/1 n° 64-1)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-d-histoire-moderne-et-contemporaine-2017-1-page-116?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2017-05-31T00:00:00+02:00</published>
    <updated>2021-10-05T21:01:15+02:00</updated>
            <summary type="html"><![CDATA[Originating from the Soviet Union, the psychoprophylactic method
known as painless childbirth spreads in Western Europe from the
beginning of the&#160;1950s. This article aims to show that this
type of non-pharmacological analgesia represents only a partial
innovation with respect to practices already used locally. It
exercises a power of attraction less as an innovative tool capable
of resolving an identified medical problem than as a demonstration
of scientific progress. A systematic chronology of the stages of
its implementation in France and in Switzerland shows that it
actually takes hold in the medical communities of those two
countries thanks to a support campaign organised by communist
circles. Without a clearly partisan media campaign that aroused a
keen interest on the part of the general public, its intrinsic
value would not singlehandedly have afforded it such a broad
(national and international) dissemination. Its political
connections&#160;–&#160;that may have been expected to lead to its
rejection&#160;–&#160;did not diminish its appeal to the
professional interests of obstetricians, to their pragmatic
approach and to their representations of women; moreover it carried
the aura of Ivan Pavlov’s scientific fame. Painless childbirth thus
provides a remarkable example of the social contingency and
political heteronomy of scientific and medical knowledge.]]></summary>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:CM_096_0037</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Grossesses en temps de biomédicalisation&#160;: les
«&#160;emprunts&#160;» au corps de l’autre femme |
        Déclinaisons du corps
                    | Cliniques méditerranéennes
            (2017/2 n°&#160;96)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-cliniques-mediterraneennes-2017-2-page-37?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2017-09-19T00:00:00+02:00</published>
    <updated>2021-10-05T20:57:37+02:00</updated>
            <summary type="html"><![CDATA[The techno-scientific developments within the medical field, shift
the coordinates of motherhood, caught between norms, images and
desire, in these times of biomedical-ization. The authors present
here two unique techniques and their psychic implications that
place the practice of the “gift” at the heart of the female
reproductive process. These can prove to question the assimilation
of “products” – oocytes, uterus – circulating between several
women, as well as the ambiguity and uncanni-ness inherent to this
practice, by reference to the logic of the unconscious desire. Egg
donation in vitro fertilization, questioned from the standpoint of
a dual clinical practice in France and Greece, enables us to
highlight the artifact that constitutes this gift doomed to fail,
since it does not resolve infertility issues but merely acts as a
palliative: the gift takes part in a make-believe process that
confronts women to the limit of their psychic ressources. Whereas
experimentation on uterus transplantation leads us to underline the
unprecedented, for it is temporary, nature of this novel mode of
female body supplementation, revealing a specific relationship to
the frightening fantasy that pregnancy condenses, as an imaginary
figuration of the enigma of the Other’s desire.]]></summary>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:NQF_293_0044</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Sexualité féminine et consultation gynécologique&#160;: la part
évincée du plaisir |
        La sexualité des femmes&#160;: le plaisir contraint
                    | Nouvelles Questions Féministes
            (2010/3 Vol. 29)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-nouvelles-questions-feministes-2010-3-page-44?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2010-10-01T00:00:00+02:00</published>
    <updated>2021-10-05T20:57:11+02:00</updated>
            <summary type="html"><![CDATA[Taking stock of a research devoted to the medicalization of the
female body in the context of gynecological consultations, this
article shows that the medical treatment of women’s sexuality
almost entirely ignores the dimension of pleasure. Rarely
explicitly mentioned by women or by gynecologists, the kind of
sexuality advocated within this medical framework is
heteronormative, reproductive and centered on male desire and
pleasure.]]></summary>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:ETHN_101_0067</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Chez la gynécologue |
        Nouvelles adolescences
                    | Ethnologie française
            (2010/1 Vol. 40)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-ethnologie-francaise-2010-1-page-67?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2010-01-18T00:00:00+01:00</published>
    <updated>2021-10-05T20:54:50+02:00</updated>
            <summary type="html"><![CDATA[AbstractTaking stock of a research devoted to the medicalization of
women’s bodies at the gynecologist, the author shows that it is a
time, at adolescence, to learn feminine corporal and sexual norms.
Moderation, self control, normalization of the reproductive body,
sentimental sexuality, those norms tend to perpetuate negative
representations of the female body and to reinforce inequalities
between men and women.]]></summary>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:DEV_184_0399</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Histoire de l’accouchement en Occident&#160;: évolution des
connaissances, techniques, croyances, rites et pratiques
professionnelles au travers des âges |
        Varia
                    | Devenir
            (2018/4 Vol. 30)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-devenir-2018-4-page-399?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2018-12-21T00:00:00+01:00</published>
    <updated>2021-10-05T20:53:38+02:00</updated>
            <summary type="html"><![CDATA[The purpose of this paper is to present the evolution of the
history of childbirth in the Western world from the earliest known
sources to the contemporary age. We begin with an interdisciplinary
literature review completed between January and August 2017 by
using French and English languages in 12 databases (Public Health
Database, Cairn, Persée, Psycinfo, Psycarticles, PubMed,
Sage-Science Direct, Springer, Taylor and Francis, Wiley and Web of
Science) and gray literature. Exclusion criteria were the scope,
the reliability of the study and the relevance of the writings. A
total of 39 sources were analyzed and then organized into 5
distinct historical periods (prehistory, antiquity, mediaeval,
modern, contemporary). Each period presents its own
socio-historical and ideological characteristics in order to
contextualize the evolution of knowledge, beliefs, techniques,
rituals and professional practices surrounding childbirth. Finally,
a brief discussion focuses on the symbolic dualities inherent in
childbirth.]]></summary>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:ARSS_143_0018</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Comment l'obstétrique est devenue une science |
        Médecines, patients et politiques de santé
                    | Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales
            (2002/3 n° 143)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-actes-de-la-recherche-en-sciences-sociales-2002-3-page-18?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2002-06-01T00:00:00+02:00</published>
    <updated>2021-10-05T20:52:54+02:00</updated>
            <summary type="html"><![CDATA[SummaryDrawing on the admission records, the medical case books and
the publications of its director, this article explores how the
University of Göttingen’s maternity hospital achieved its three
official goals&#160;: teaching medical students, training female
midwives, and providing shelter for needy parturient women. Since
educating medical men was the most important aim of the hospital,
the paper particularly focuses on how the demands of instruction
shaped day-to-day obstetrical practices, especially under the
directorship of Professor Friedrich Benjamin Osiander (1792-1822).
He was a keen advocate of the forceps, whereas the first director,
Professor Johann Georg Roederer (1751-1763), had taken a moderate,
that is much less interventionist, approach to obstetrics. Osiander
avowedly was determined to subordinate the parturient women to the
demands of the clinic and to treat them as «&#160;living
manikins&#160;». In spite of that, there is evidence that the
pregnant and parturient women, most of whom were unmarried and from
the lower classes, made use of the lying-in hospital for their own
purposes, and sometimes, they refused to play the role attributed
to them. The link between the maternity hospital and the rise of
the man-midwife and of «&#160;scientific&#160;» obstetrics appears
to have been particularly strong in the case of Göttingen and other
German university hospitals, compared with lying-in hospitals in
other countries where the link was more indirect.]]></summary>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:SPI_045_0079</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Naître à la vie, en douleur |
        Ces bébés qui nous font mal
                    | Spirale - La grande aventure de bébé
            (2008/1 n° 45)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-spirale-2008-1-page-79?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2008-03-26T00:00:00+01:00</published>
    <updated>2021-10-05T20:49:20+02:00</updated>
    </entry>
            </feed>
