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    <title>Idéologie de la Silicon Valley  | Cairn.info</title>
    <icon>https://shs.cairn.info/build/assets/cairn-B7RWiji2.png</icon>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:rss/liste-lecture/492310</id>
    <rights>Cairn.info 2026</rights>

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                            <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:numero:TEQU_004</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Au-delà de l’idéologie de la Silicon Valley
                    | Tèque
            (2024/1 N° 4)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-teque-2024-1?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
            <published>2024-03-18T00:00:00+01:00</published>
                <updated>2024-08-22T16:26:03+02:00</updated>
                <summary type="html"><![CDATA[On décrit souvent les origines de la Silicon Valley en mettant
l’accent sur un mélange unique de hippies, de hackers et
d’étudiants libertaires qui se seraient convertis au capitalisme.
L’attrait de cette thèse cache trop souvent des aspects moins
flamboyants de son idéologie. Ce livre propose d’en analyser des
dimensions négligées&#160;: le rôle clé du capital-risque, les
positions explicitement réactionnaires de certains investisseurs,
l’importance des influences religieuses, coloniales et
néo-darwinistes, et des visions de l’avenir contre-utopiques, voire
apocalyptiques. Pour comprendre les formes de domination
technologique, on ne peut plus se contenter d’une condamnation
moralisatrice des patrons de la tech états-unienne. Une critique
conséquente doit tenir compte de la façon dont elles sont soutenues
par une pluralité d’idéologies venues de la philosophie, de la
finance, du management ou du design.]]></summary>
        <content type="html"><![CDATA[
        <ul>
                            <li>
                     Pages 9 to 27| Introduction. Au-delà de l’idéologie californienne
                                            |  Loup Cellard,  Guillaume Heuguet
                                    </li>
                            <li>
                     Pages 29 to 47| 1. De si vieilles promesses
                                            |  Fred Turner,  Jean-Jacques Ader
                                    </li>
                            <li>
                     Pages 49 to 62| 2. Les réactionnaires investissent
                                            |  Charlie Tyson,  Loup Cellard,  Guillaume Heuguet
                                    </li>
                            <li>
                     Pages 65 to 85| 3. Le capital ne risque rien
                                            |  Fabien Foureault
                                    </li>
                            <li>
                     Pages 87 to 98| 4. Le design est complice
                                            |  Ruha Benjamin,  Loup Cellard,  Guillaume Heuguet
                                    </li>
                            <li>
                     Pages 101 to 129| 5. L’optimisation remplace le progrès
                                            |  Orit Halpern,  Robert Mitchell,  Loup Cellard,  Guillaume Heuguet
                                    </li>
                            <li>
                     Pages 131 to 147| 6. L’apocalypse remplace l’utopie
                                            |  Dave Karpf,  Loup Cellard,  Guillaume Heuguet
                                    </li>
                            <li>
                     Pages 151 to 151| Note sur l’utilisation de l’écriture inclusive
                                    </li>
                            <li>
                     Pages 153 to 153| Remerciements
                                    </li>
                    </ul>
    ]]></content>
</entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:ARSS_141_0110</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        De la démo-cratie en Amérique |
        Science
                    | Actes de la recherche en sciences sociales
            (2002/1 n° 141-142)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-actes-de-la-recherche-en-sciences-sociales-2002-1-page-110?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2002-03-01T00:00:00+01:00</published>
    <updated>2024-08-21T17:04:10+02:00</updated>
            <summary type="html"><![CDATA[AbstractThis article presents the findings of a research program
designed to develop a historical sociology of forms of
demonstration. It is based on a study of the conditions in which,
during the 1990s, the NASA developed a sophisticated software
program for the preparation of missions into space. Analysis of the
research conditions reveals the nature and the stakes of recourse
to a specific form of demonstration, demos informatiques. These
demos turned out to be one of the main sources of the form taken by
the activity and the relations of the researchers in AI and in
logic informatique, in San Francisco’s Silicon Valley. The study of
the conditions of possibility of the demos, and the constraints on
their practice and uses leads the author to identify capitalist
procedures in the production of demonstrations. The analysis
further reveals the establishment of a demo-cratic regime in the US
confirming the power in place — not that of the masses — by the
right to oversee the closed world of laboratories, which is that of
the demos and their privileged users, namely the capitalists of
science.]]></summary>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:ZIL_001_0055</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Les conditions sociales des échanges dans la Silicon Valley |
        Varia
                    | Zilsel
            (2017/1 N° 1)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-zilsel-2017-1-page-55?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2017-01-01T00:00:00+01:00</published>
    <updated>2024-08-21T17:03:15+02:00</updated>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:QUAD_103_0025</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        «&#160;Il faut défendre la société de contrôle&#160;»&#160;: les
hackers face au libéralisme autoritaire |
        Les ruses du <i>hacking</i>
                    | Quaderni
            (2021/2 n° 103)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-quaderni-2021-2-page-25?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2021-07-15T00:00:00+02:00</published>
    <updated>2024-08-21T17:01:12+02:00</updated>
            <summary type="html"><![CDATA[After recalling the lineage between hacktivist pioneers and the
anti-technocratic tactics of the New Left, this article construes
the repressive wave that hit hackers at the end of the 1980s as one
of the power strategies designed to close the crisis of
governmentality initiated in the 1960s — a strategy that has since
been reactivated whenever a “hacker front” seemed about to
materialise. In so doing, it analyses this securitisation of
cyberspace and the repression of transgressive action repertoires
as a critical moment in the genealogy of authoritarian liberalism.]]></summary>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:RES_216_0253</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Romain Badouard, <i>Le désenchantement de l’internet.
Désinformation, rumeur et propagande</i>, Limoges, FYP Éditions,
2017, 179&#160;p. |
        «&#160;Quantified Self&#160;»
                    | Réseaux
            (2019/4 n° 216)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-reseaux-2019-4-page-253?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2019-06-18T00:00:00+02:00</published>
    <updated>2024-08-21T17:00:39+02:00</updated>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:MULT_005_0186</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Le cyber-communisme ou le dépassement du capitalisme dans le
Cyberespace |
        Propriété intellectuelle
                    | Multitudes
            (2001/2 n° 5)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-multitudes-2001-2-page-186?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2001-05-01T00:00:00+02:00</published>
    <updated>2024-08-21T16:59:41+02:00</updated>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:QDC_043_0441</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Adrian&#160;<span class="marquage petitecap">Daub</span>, <i>La
Pensée selon la tech. Le paysage intellectuel de la Silicon
Valley</i> |
        Soutien social et pair-aidance numériques
                    | Questions de communication
            (2023/1 n° 43)
            ]]></title>
            <subtitle type="html">
            <![CDATA[Trad. de l’anglais par A.&#160;Lemoine, Caen, C&amp;F Éd., coll.
Société numérique, 2022, 186&#160;pages]]>
        </subtitle>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-questions-de-communication-2023-1-page-441?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2023-10-18T00:00:00+02:00</published>
    <updated>2024-08-21T16:59:05+02:00</updated>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:EDC_028_0002</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        La mobilisation des (net)travailleurs de la «&#160;Nouvelle
économie&#160;»&#160;: gouvernement des hommes et contrainte
d'autonomie |
        Organisation, dispositif, sujet
                    | Études de communication
            (2005/1 n° 28)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-etudes-de-communication-2005-1-page-2?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2005-12-01T00:00:00+01:00</published>
    <updated>2024-08-21T16:58:29+02:00</updated>
            <summary type="html"><![CDATA[The words «&#160;start-up&#160;» and «&#160;new economy&#160;» were
first synonymous with novelty and excitement, but they now seem
anachronistic. Why, therefore, should we still talk about these
phenomena&#160;? I will here study the main mechanisms used by a
supposedly «&#160;fun&#160;» management to stimulate the
mobilisation of internet workers. I will try to show how the
development of the «&#160;New Economy&#160;» revealed and
emphasised new ways to think our relationship with authority, with
work and with ourselves. A sort of laboratory where «&#160;new
workers&#160;» are created, a mirror of the «&#160;new
individuals&#160;», autonomous, mobile, unsettled, the start-up
companies are perfect applications of a
«&#160;post-disciplinary&#160;» organisation, that is to say, a
horizontal, reticular, de-territorialized organisation. Autonomy
and responsibility incite, constraint and control the workers. The
governing principle of the start-up companies is a diffuse
technological control/power within the companies, so that every
employee is at the same time free and forced – free to decide and
forced to plan and to work. This aspect of the start-up companies
will probably be the one that will survive the longest&#160;: it
furnishes efficient modes of domination – and of legitimating it –
to those who hold the power in firms.]]></summary>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:LCB_DUJAN_2023_01_0223</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        «&#160;Travailler dans une start-up, c’est <i>fun</i>&#160;!&#160;» |
        Idées reçues sur le travail
                    (2023)
            ]]></title>
            <subtitle type="html">
            <![CDATA[]]>
        </subtitle>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/idees-recues-sur-le-travail--9791031805818-page-223?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2023-02-16T00:00:00+01:00</published>
    <updated>2024-08-21T16:58:01+02:00</updated>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:TRANS_123_0065</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        La démocratie Internet |
        Politique, démocratie, médiation
                    | Transversalités
            (2012/3 N° 123)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-transversalites-2012-3-page-65?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2012-09-13T00:00:00+02:00</published>
    <updated>2024-08-21T16:57:27+02:00</updated>
            <summary type="html"><![CDATA[AbstractIn a conversation granted to the revue Transversalités, the
sociologist Dominique Cardon highlights the democratic revolution
that the emergence of Internet constituted. Internet would have
thus allowed a widening of public space and a displacement of the
border between representatives and represented by the proposals
which he makes&#160;: deliberation widened, auto-organization,
installation of transnational collectives, knowledge socialization,
rise of critical competences, etc.]]></summary>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:MULT_054_0191</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Nouvelles stratégies de&#160;la&#160;classe vectorialiste |
        Chine 3.0
                    | Multitudes
            (2013/3 n° 54)
            ]]></title>
            <subtitle type="html">
            <![CDATA[]]>
        </subtitle>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-multitudes-2013-3-page-191?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2013-10-02T00:00:00+02:00</published>
    <updated>2024-08-21T16:56:31+02:00</updated>
            <summary type="html"><![CDATA[New Strategies of&#160;the&#160;Vectorialist ClassNew class
struggles around ownership of information oppose the Hacker class,
which creates, invents, explores, researches, discovers, to the
vectorialist class, which privatizes access to the vectors of
communication and circulation, and which is alone in position to
realize the value of such creations. Practices of free networks,
spontaneous free labor, and “playbor”, which worked against old
forms of vectoral ownership, are being re-appropriated by new forms
of exploitation. Only a universal financing of our basic social
needs can guarantee the reproduction of the commons.]]></summary>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:MULT_054_0163</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Économie de&#160;l'attention et nouvelles exploitations numériques |
        Chine 3.0
                    | Multitudes
            (2013/3 n° 54)
            ]]></title>
            <subtitle type="html">
            <![CDATA[]]>
        </subtitle>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-multitudes-2013-3-page-163?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2013-10-02T00:00:00+02:00</published>
    <updated>2024-08-21T16:56:10+02:00</updated>
            <summary type="html"><![CDATA[The Attention Economy and the New Forms of Digital ExploitationThis
article offers a survey of various new forms of exploitation made
possible by Internet. Crowdsourcing enlarges competition among
intellectual workers&#160;; free labor is re-appropriated by
corporations&#160;; we become the product when services are
provided “for free”. The attention economy lurks at the horizon of
such new developments, requiring new concepts and new tools in
order to understand how it upsets traditional views of
exploitation.]]></summary>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:MULT_062_0045</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Subjectivations computationnelles à&#160;l’<i>erre</i> numérique |
        Subjectivités numériques
                    | Multitudes
            (2016/1 n° 62)
            ]]></title>
            <subtitle type="html">
            <![CDATA[]]>
        </subtitle>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-multitudes-2016-1-page-45?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2016-04-11T00:00:00+02:00</published>
    <updated>2024-08-21T16:55:48+02:00</updated>
            <summary type="html"><![CDATA[This article explores nine possible articulations between
subjectivation and computation&#160;: opacity, rigidity,
exploitation, superposition, exclusion, extension-augmentation,
interpenetration, alterity and erraticity. Why not treat the
computational — including the incomputable which rests in its core
— as a new form of cultural Other? This requires us, however, to
acknowledge the erring part in the human experience of programming.
Welcome to the wanders of computation!]]></summary>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:MULT_062_0098</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        La raison instrumentale, le capitalisme algorithmique
et&#160;l’incomputable |
        Subjectivités numériques
                    | Multitudes
            (2016/1 n° 62)
            ]]></title>
            <subtitle type="html">
            <![CDATA[]]>
        </subtitle>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-multitudes-2016-1-page-98?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2016-04-11T00:00:00+02:00</published>
    <updated>2024-08-21T16:55:35+02:00</updated>
            <summary type="html"><![CDATA[Algorithmic cognition is central to today’s capitalism. From the
rationalization of labor and social relations to the financial
sector, algorithms are grounding a new mode of thought and control.
Within the context of this all-machine phase transition of digital
capitalism, it is no longer sufficient to side with the critical
theory that accuses computation to be reducing human thought to
mere mechanical operations. As information theorist Gregory Chaitin
has demonstrated, incomputability and randomness are to be
conceived as very condition of computation. If technocapitalism is
infected by computational randomness and chaos, the traditional
critique of instrumental rationality therefore also has to be put
into question: the incomputable cannot be simply understood as
being opposed to reason.]]></summary>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:MULT_062_0077</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Décomposition et&#160;recombinaison à&#160;l’âge de la précarité |
        Subjectivités numériques
                    | Multitudes
            (2016/1 n° 62)
            ]]></title>
            <subtitle type="html">
            <![CDATA[]]>
        </subtitle>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-multitudes-2016-1-page-77?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2016-04-11T00:00:00+02:00</published>
    <updated>2024-08-21T16:55:22+02:00</updated>
            <summary type="html"><![CDATA[This paper analyzes «&#160;cognitive automation&#160;», i.e., the
uniformization of the processes of perception, imagination and
enunciation. The digital transformation of info-labor is a
condition of its final precarization, as info-work is the point of
arrival of a process of abstraction of human cognitive activity,
after it has been de-singularized and dis-embodied. De-singularized
time and de-personalized cognition are the ultimate agents in the
process of valorization&#160;: they never fall sick, do not resist
through trade unions nor claim political rights&#160;; they are
there available, as a cerebral openness out of reach. Cells of
pre-formatted productive time can be mobilized and recombined
through the tone of a smartphone, re-assembling the individual
brains according to the flows in the network.]]></summary>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:MULT_078_0134</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Questionner «&#160;l’intelligence&#160;» des&#160;machines |
        Cultivons nos intelligences artificielles
                    | Multitudes
            (2020/1 n° 78)
            ]]></title>
            <subtitle type="html">
            <![CDATA[]]>
        </subtitle>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-multitudes-2020-1-page-134?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2020-03-23T00:00:00+01:00</published>
    <updated>2024-08-21T16:55:02+02:00</updated>
            <summary type="html"><![CDATA[Does the creation of “synaptic chips” which would have a certain
plasticity open the way to a really “intelligent” artificial
intelligence, even if in a different way from human beings? Or do
the nature of such advances, from plasticity far away from that of
the human brain, force us to be much more skeptical? For the
philosopher Catherine Malabou, the main thing is to allow the two
intelligences, natural and artificial, to enrich each other, and
never to close the path of possibilities, whether by philosophical
reflections, fictions or experiments.]]></summary>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:MULT_078_0075</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Dans les imaginaires de l’IA |
        Cultivons nos intelligences artificielles
                    | Multitudes
            (2020/1 n° 78)
            ]]></title>
            <subtitle type="html">
            <![CDATA[]]>
        </subtitle>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-multitudes-2020-1-page-75?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2020-03-23T00:00:00+01:00</published>
    <updated>2024-08-21T16:54:38+02:00</updated>
            <summary type="html"><![CDATA[From the film Her by Spike Jonze to 2001: A Space Odyssey by
Stanley Kubrick, and from Philip K. Dick androids to the
intergalactic utopia of the Culture of the writer Iain M. Banks, it
is impossible to understand artificial intelligence without a
strong regard to its powerful fictions. These, nourishing many
fantasies of Silicon Valley, are essential to decrypt not to
undergo them, even to appropriate them and better hijack them, to
make them antidotes against the multinationals of the digital, then
to cultivate (thanks to them) our own rebellious machines of some
future.]]></summary>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:MULT_078_0051</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Pour une culture critique de l’IA |
        Cultivons nos intelligences artificielles
                    | Multitudes
            (2020/1 n° 78)
            ]]></title>
            <subtitle type="html">
            <![CDATA[]]>
        </subtitle>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/revue-multitudes-2020-1-page-51?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2020-03-23T00:00:00+01:00</published>
    <updated>2024-08-21T16:54:20+02:00</updated>
            <summary type="html"><![CDATA[Artificial intelligence is everywhere, discreetly, to better
control and influence us smoothly. Should we rebel against this
fact, which is imposed on our lifestyles without the slightest
democratic deliberation? Is it still possible or even desirable to
throw these invisible AIs, even indistinguishable, into the digital
trash? Shouldn’t we, before claiming the urgency of the “danger”
that comes, dare to know them? The challenge is to build a critical
culture of AI, which would bring together artists, writers,
researchers, engineers, mathematicians, logicians, thinkers,
philosophers, craftsmen and of course citizens in the same dynamic
of reflection.]]></summary>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:SCPO_CARDO_2019_01_0065</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        La leçon politique des pionniers d’internet |
        Culture numérique
                    (2019)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/culture-numerique--9782724623659-page-65?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2019-03-07T00:00:00+01:00</published>
    <updated>2024-08-21T16:52:26+02:00</updated>
    </entry>
                                <entry>
    <id>tag:cairn.info,2005:article:SCPO_CARDO_2019_01_0046</id>
    <title type="html"><![CDATA[
        Les origines hippies de la culture numérique |
        Culture numérique
                    (2019)
            ]]></title>
        <link href="https://shs.cairn.info/culture-numerique--9782724623659-page-46?lang=fr" type="text/html" rel="alternate" />
    <published>2019-03-07T00:00:00+01:00</published>
    <updated>2024-08-21T16:52:15+02:00</updated>
    </entry>
            </feed>
