He traces the circumstances surrounding the creation of these laws, which were driven by a desire to enhance transparency in economic life and to establish effective preventive mechanisms. The interview highlights the need to move beyond a strictly punitive approach by developing a genuine culture of integrity based on education, training, and the accountability of public and private actors.

In the French-speaking world, particularly in Africa, progress is being made, despite persistent institutional and political obstacles. Cooperation among states, facilitated by the shared French language, as well as the role of civil society and the media, appear to be decisive factors. Faced with contemporary challenges such as artificial intelligence, cybercrime, and cryptocurrencies, Michel Sapin emphasizes the need to continually adapt legal frameworks.

Ten years after the Sapin II Law, he offers an overall positive assessment while calling for continued mobilization, particularly among younger generations, in support of transparency and public ethics.

Michel Sapin is a senior French civil servant and politician, and former Minister of the Economy and Finance. The Sapin I and II laws, named after him, aim to combat institutionalized corruption.